Post translational modification (PTM) is an important biochemical process, which occurs after the mRNA is translated into the protein sequence in ribosomes. PTM process the protein by adding different biochemical group (such as phosphorylation (Moorhead et al., 2009), methylation (Chen et al., 2006)), by adding different small protein molecule (such as ubiquitination (Gao et al., 2013), sumoylation (Ren et al., 2009)), and by splicing protein sequence at specific sites (such as caspase cascade (Earnshaw et al., 1999)). PTM is involved in nearly all aspect of biological processes by regulation of protein function. Abnormal PTM status has been reported to be associated with a variety of diseases, including cancers and neurologic diseases (Cohen et al., 2001, Aletta et al., 2008, Sakamoto et al., 2002, McIlwain et al., 2013).
Here we provide a database of PTMD 1.0 (PTMs that are associated with human Diseases) that contains the manually curated associations between different PTM types and different diseases. Currently, PTMD contains 1,950 disease-associated PTM events in 749 proteins for 24 PTM types and 275 diseases. To better exhibit the relations between PTMs and diseases, we classified the PTM-disease associations into 6 classes, including U/D (Up-regulation/down-regulation of PTM levels), P/A (Presence/absence of PTMs) and C/N (Creation/disruption of PTM sites by mutations). Then, the database of PTMs that are associated with diseases (PTMD) was developed, while the detailed descriptions on PTM-disease relations were taken from the primary references. In addition, more annotations of diseases for collected proteins were obtained and integrated from public databases, such as Cancer Gene Census, Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD), DisGeNET, and OMIM. The known PTMs sites and protein-protein interaction (PPI) information were also provided. The PTMD serves as a resource for revealing the relationship between PTMs and diseases, and can be helpful for a better understanding the disease development, disease diagnosis and clinical therapy.
※ Introduction